World Health Organization (WHO) and Global World Health Governance in the Post-Pandemic Era from the Perspectives of Neorealism and Neoliberalism

The Covid-19 pandemic has prompted international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) to fight the outbreak. WHO, as a critical player in the global health order, is responsible for preventing the recurrence of pandemics like Covid-19 in the future. This scientific article, this study examines the role of WHO in developing global health governance through two essential glasses of International Relations, neorealism and neoliberalism. This study uses qualitative methods supported by secondary data to support the argument. The results show two opposing viewpoints on the role of WHO in developing global health governance. The WHO's role is viewed with skepticism by neorealists, who believe that countries can only rely on themselves to cope with the threat of future pandemics. On the other hand, the neoliberal perspective encourages countries to participate in global health governance in collaboration with WHO actively. The author concludes that the government must continue developing its capabilities to survive another pandemic. States, on the other hand, must collaborate with international organizational actors to establish inclusive and adaptive global health governance. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

A Model of Task-Based Blended Learning for the EFL Writing Classroom

—Online learning is being implemented due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is based on the reduction of cases and casualties to the danger and severity of the disease. Though several compliments were encountered in the implementation of this educational process, English instructors at secondary and tertiary levels continue to protest the change. To respond to this dilemma, the development of blended learning (a combination of online and offline learning) emerged. Therefore, this study was intended to develop task-based blended learning for English correspondence education and to identify and explain the learning aspects in the model development. Approximately 120 students from four classes of semester 6 were selected and divided into two groups (experiment and control groups) since a research and development model was used for analysis (Dick & Carey, 1990). The draft model was further validated and piloted for several meetings. The results show effective learning materials containing five sections, namely (1) activity lead, (2) mind mapping, (3) refocusing, (4) writing, and (5) reinforcement. The materials were designed through the provision of tasks in every section, therefore integrating the students’ use of four language skills. In addition, these materials were designed according to lesson plan, learning syntax, and assessment tools. © 2022 ACADEMY PUBLICATION.